What Is a Dorm (Residence Hall)?
A dorm, short for dormitory and also called a residence hall, is a building owned by a college where students live during the academic year. It typically contains bedrooms, shared bathrooms, common rooms and laundry facilities, and may include dining halls, study spaces and offices for residential staff. In many US colleges first-year students are required, or strongly encouraged, to live in one.
Room types
- Single: a room for one person, usually the most expensive.
- Double: a room for two roommates, the most common.
- Triple or quad: larger rooms shared by three or four students.
- Suite: several bedrooms sharing a bathroom and living area.
- Hall-style: rooms along a corridor with communal bathrooms.
- Special-interest or themed housing: floors organized around a subject, culture, language or wellness approach.
What is usually provided
Rooms are normally furnished with a bed, desk, chair, wardrobe or dresser and sometimes a mini fridge. Internet access, utilities and basic cleaning of common areas are usually included in the housing fee, though students are responsible for their own rooms.
Costs and contracts
Housing is billed per semester or year, often with a meal plan. Costs differ by room type, building and city. You sign a housing contract that sets out dates, rules and withdrawal terms, so read it before you commit. Financial aid may cover housing as part of the cost of attendance.
Rules and community
Dorms have rules on quiet hours, guests, alcohol, smoking, candles and appliances, which are enforced by resident assistants. Living with others involves compromise. Many colleges ask roommates to complete an agreement about sleep, cleanliness, visitors and sharing.
Tips for a good experience
- Talk with your roommate early about expectations.
- Personalize your space within the rules.
- Join floor events to meet people.
- Know the emergency procedures.
- Set a study routine, since dorm life can be distracting.
- Ask for help from a resident assistant if conflicts arise.
Around the world
In the UK, the equivalent is halls of residence, and students often move into shared houses in the second year. In other countries, student housing may be run by private providers or the state.
Related terms
See resident assistant, meal swipe, commuter student, quad and honor code.
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between a dorm and an apartment?
Dorms usually have shared rooms or singles on a floor with communal bathrooms and rules set by the college. Campus apartments have kitchens and more independence, and often cost more or are for older students.
What should I bring to a dorm?
Bedding, towels, a desk lamp, storage, a power strip and basic toiletries. Check the housing office list and coordinate with your roommate to avoid duplicates.
Do I have to live in a dorm?
Many colleges require first-year students to live on campus unless they commute from home. Policies differ, so check the housing rules and exemptions.